history of gemstones -4

All over the world gems adorned kings and the rich and powerful. The Egyptian Pharaohs held vast treasures of lapis lazuli and turquoise, while the jades of ancient China, turquoise of the Native Americans, and rubies, emeralds and sapphires of India ans south-east Asia have been described in various accounts.

Ornaments strudded with rare and valuable gems were worn for important ceramonies such as coronations, weddings, and funerals. Great events like victories in battle were not only linked to these gems, but were believed to be regulated by the power of these same gemstones. The Greek and Romans valued the diamonds greatly because of its mystic powers of endowing the wearer with purity, love, joy, courage and streght in battle. It was a talisman against poison, insanity and all evil spirits. Scholars and priests of the church supported the view that gems caused singular and unexplained miracles. THis view was prevalent even durung the Renaissance period. In 1664 AD, Anselm Boece de Boot, physician to the emperor Maximilian II reported that "from their purity, brilliancy and beauty it is most probable that gems were selected as receptavles for good spirits even as filthy, stinking ans frightful places are usually the abodes of unclean spirits". Gradually the belief that gems were pure and the Romans codified and thought tot he Germans in the north. The current cult of birthstones is a consequence of the development.

history of gemstones -3

Hard stones like diamonds and rubies were also collected as pretty objects that could be worn. Once the techniques discovered to cut and polished these gemstones, men shaped gemstones into beads and strung them into necklaces and bangles. Gemstones were then set into metal and wear around the neck as necklaces, talismans, or amulets. The earliest use of such charms dates to the Mesolithic period when carves amulets were worn to protects hunters against wild beasts. In fact the word 'amulet' is derived from the Arabic 'hamalet' but according to Varro it was adopted from amoliri because it drove away sickness or harm. The Greek word 'telesma' became the Arabic 'tisam' and from this word talisman evolved. As protective talismans sailors often carried aquamarines carved with the image of Poseidon, the god of the sea as protection against storms.

Archeological excavations have shown that lustrous minerals were used for adornment as far back as 100,000 BC. The ancient civilizations of Sumer, Egypt, Babylon, Assyria, and India excelled in the art of cutting and polishing of gemstones. Around 100,000BC to 75,000BC rock crystals, amethyst and citrine, part of the quarts group of mineral were worn as jewellery. AS the demand for gems increased, regular digging such as the ancient lapis lazuli mines of Afghanistan began to operate and have been producing stones continuously for the last 7000 years. Excavations have revealed that around 4000 BC, emeralds were mines from near the red sea and set into jewelry and that ruby jewellery came to be worn around 600 to 500 BC, while the use of diamonds began later around 480 BC. Soft colored gemstones like lapis and agate were engraved into cylinder seals, beads and rings and often fashioned into talismans.

history of gemstones -2

The most beautiful crystals and gems were considered superbly powerful. They were assumed to be full of life because they emitted light, had an attractive color and easily cought the eye. Their hardness, clarity, brilliance, eternal newness and performance give them magical, miraculous and mysterious powers and convinced people that they had supernatural origins. Certain stones were observed to be lucky for some people and these observations were soon formalized with each gem begin allocated a day of the week, an hour of the day and a sign of a zodiac or an important person or position.

More religious of the world associate gemstones with the splendor of the gods. Indian legend state that Dwarka, the city of Kishna was a high and squire city measuring hundred yojanas with cupolas of diamonds, pillars of emeralds and courtyards of rubies. The legendary El Dorado was similarly extravagantly described.

Along with other Hindu ideas, Buddhism regarded diamond as a symbol of religious virtue. The poem Questions of king Milinda elaborate this;

Just O King, as the diamond is pure throughout, just so, O King, should the strenuous Bhikku (seeker of truth) earnest in effort, be perfectly pure in his means of livelihood. This O king is the first quality of the diamond be ought to have. And again, O king, the diamond can not be alloyed with other substance, just so O King should the strennous Bhikku, earnest in effort never mixed with wicked men as friends. This O king is the second quality of a diamond be ought to have. And again O king as the diamond is set together with the most closely gems, just O king, should the strennous Bhikku earnest in effort, associate with those of the highest excellence, with men who have earned the first, second or third stage of the noble path, with the jewel treasures of the Arahath of the recluses of the threefold wisdom, or of the six fold insight. This O king is the third quality of the diamond be ought to have. For it was said, O king by the blessed one (The Lord Buddha), the god over all gods, in the sutta nipatha, let the pure associated with the pure. Ever un recollection firm, Dwelling harmoniously wise, Thus shall ye put an end to griefs.

Another story says that The Lord Buddha received supreme enlightenment under the sacred tree of knowledge; this tree was a glowing mass of precious stones with diamonds on the base, sapphire for roots and fruit of pearls and rubies. The traveler, Hsuan Tsang tells of the throne, a hundred foot in circumference carved out of a single diamond and made at the time of the creation : upon it the 1000 Buddhas of the kalpa reposed and fallen in to ecstasy if the diamond. Earth and sand covered it completely since the Kaliyuga began. The Chinese housed their gods and goddesses in jade places while the revelation of St.John speaks of the heavenly city that rests in gemstones with gates of pearl and walls of jasper. The Talmud says that a brilliant garnet illuminated Noah's ark and according to legend, the ten commandments were engraved in lapis, though some believes that they were carved in Sapphire.

history of gemstones - 1

Gemstones has been a treasure from the day it discovered in the long past history, not only for their beauty, color, performance or hardness but also for their rarity. In the history, some gemstones actually found a practical value, such as jasper or flint, cave men used these gemstones in their arrow heads and other tools to hunt and skinning animals. In that time, there was not an other value to these easily found gemstones. They believe that these shining gems are the core of the earth and they have a magical power within them. Over the time these valuable and rare gems were endowed with magical and supernatural power qualities. For instance around 7000BC Mesolithic man cut pieces of amber with the thought that the resin in its various forms would give him power over animals perhaps because he saw that it had trapped insects.

The operation of mining

The operation of mining, extraction and finishing and selling of gemstones has now become a multi-billion dollar industry, employing several million people all over the world. The gem and jewellery trade is of supreme importance to Sri Lanka, India, as it is provide employment to more than a million cutters and polishers, ans almost an equal number who trade in gemstones.

More participants will be entering to the gemstones industry in the coming years. The export of gemstones, diamonds and other jewellery during last years has been increased by billions of dollars, earning the largest component of foreign exchange and makes up nearly a fifth of the total export revenue of the country.

Intrduction to gemstone history

Of the all gemstones found in the nature the diamond is perhaps the most popular and desired gemstone. Four criteria determine the value of a diamond. And these are known in the trade as four Cs: Color, Clarity, Cut and Carat. A diamond should be colorless or deeply colored; it should be free from flaws and inclusions; it should be cut according to the dimensions that give it the best luster and be without scratches; and the greater its weight, the more expensive it becomes. These considerations also determine in general, the value of any precious gemstone.

The ever increasing demand for gems has often resulted in imitation being sold as genuine. Modern science has also developed techniques to synthesize gemstones, thereby doing in a few hours or days, what nature took several thousands of years to accomplish. Besides, treatment techniques to improve the appearance of poor quality gems have been perfected, so increasing the trade and its payback. The possibility of making large profits by substituting an imitation or cheap synthetic stone in place of a real gem has encourage crime. To assure the customer that he is not being cheated, trade associations have devised many sophisticated tests to identify a genuine stone and thought it is somewhat difficult to know if a gem has been improved by present day sophisticated processes. This can be done with some degree of certainty. Such tests are expensive and so are used mainly on large and expensive gemstones where the cost of testing is small compared to the value of the stone itself.

History of gemstones - While the beauty of gems

While the beauty of gems lies in its color and transparency, its luster and its fire, its value depends on its rarity. The Kohinoor diamond, for instance is priceless because it is the only one of its kind and can not be replaced. It had also retained its beauty through generations of bloody and eventful history, embodying durability, another quality of gemstones. Except for organic gems, like pearl, coral and amber that are soft and must be treated with great care, most gemstones can withstand centuries of fairy rough treatment. This lasting quality had led to the creation of countless legends about their supernatural and heavenly origins. Inevitably they began to play a prominent part in astrology, a connection that has endured through eras into modern times. Even today that are thought to have a profound influence on daily life. Soon gems and jewellery were acquired not just for their supposed ability to change the health, prosperity and course of life of the individual who owned or wore them. Preventive and curative properties too were ascribed to them; this belief has led them to the use of gemstones in medicinal preparations and therapy.

Gems and jewellery have fascinated

Gems and jewellery have fascinated men and women since the beginning of time. Not only do gemstones provide the pleasure of ownership of something valuable, but they also posses an inherent beauty that on occasion caused the death of people. Perhaps it all began when a girl was attracted to a pebble glittering in the river and persuaded her boyfriend to retrieve it for her. He saw this opportunity to enhance his own image and so looked for more similar and bright objects that could make him more attractive. Some times ago gems were found in rivers and they were plenty of that time. When peoples are looking for more gemstones, they began to collect them from the rivers and started to trade them for other peoples.

From apples to diamonds is but a small leap. Men and women started acquiring glittering crystals with forever. Lots of kingdoms and empires were battling for gemstones throughout the histiry. Odd as it may seen, the history of human civilization is intimately linked to the existence of pretty bits of mineral and organic materials. Gems have been used throughout the history as symbols of wealth, as talisman, as objects of worship, as money and medicine. They have been made in to jewellery used for personal adornment and have served as investments and store housed of wealth. Wars have been waged and violence crimes have been committed in pursuit of gems. Kingdoms have been overthrown and unknown parts of the globe explored and mapped in their quest. Fortified by ignorance and superstition, stories have been woven around the great power of gems and their use in jewelry. Some of these tales have endured as legends. Few other commodities have achieved the level of importance that gems have attained in the world affairs.

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TYPE OF TOOLS

American Button OR Fly Wheel Tool
Range: 1 to 3 m.m. Angle: 140 Degrees.



Horizontal Diamond Tool
Range: 1 to 8 m.m. Angle: 140 Degrees






Horizontal in Tablet Diamond Tool
Range: 1 to 8 m.m. Angle: 130 Degrees




Hammer Diamond Tool
Range: 1 to 3 m.m.


CNC Machine Tool
Range: 1 to 3 m.m.


Turning Tool
Range: 1 to 8 m.m.


Pencil Turning Tool
Range: 1 to 3 m.m.

PACKAGING MATERIAL





Special Packaging is done to that so damage occurs to the product.

Note: Extra Charges for Concave, Convex or any other lining on diamond.